Definition
“Quartus” is a name mentioned in the New Testament, originating from the Greek Κούαρτος (Kouartos). The name is relatively rare in the biblical context, primarily representing an individual in the early Christian community.
Various Translations
The King James Version and most other translations retain the name “Quartus” without alteration, acknowledging its proper noun status and specific historical reference. Unlike words with broader semantic ranges, proper names like Quartus are less subject to variation across translations.
Etymology
“Quartus” is derived from the Latin word for “fourth.” In the context of Roman names, it often indicated the fourth-born child in a family. The Greek rendition, Κούαρτος, mirrors this origin. The name’s occurrence in the Greek New Testament suggests its common usage in the Hellenistic world.
Grammatical Analysis of the English word
In English, “Quartus” is a proper noun and retains its original form from Greek, adhering to standard practices in translating names.
Grammatical Analysis of the Greek word
In Greek, Κούαρτος is a masculine singular noun. As a proper noun, it functions primarily as the subject or object in a sentence, adhering to Greek grammatical rules.
Syntax
The syntactical usage of “Quartus” in the New Testament is straightforward, serving as the subject or part of a naming phrase.
Biblical Occurrences in the New Testament
Romans 16:23: “Gaius mine host, and of the whole church, saluteth you. Erastus the chamberlain of the city saluteth you, and Quartus a brother.”
Typology
Quartus” does not have a typological role in the biblical narrative, as it refers specifically to an individual without broader symbolic or theological
implications.
Linguistic Variations
There are no significant linguistic variations of the name “Quartus” in biblical texts, as it is a specific proper noun.
Intertextual Connections
“Quartus” lacks extensive intertextual connections due to its singular mention in Romans. Its primary significance lies in its association with the early Christian community.
Commentary and Exegesis
Quartus is acknowledged by Paul in his letter to the Romans, signifying his role in the early church. His mention alongside notable figures like Gaius and Erastus highlights his importance within the Christian community at Corinth. Quartus’ inclusion illustrates the diverse and inclusive nature of the early Christian movement, encompassing individuals from various backgrounds and with different roles within the community.
Historical Context
Quartus, mentioned in Romans, lived during the first century A.D., a period marked by the early spread of Christianity within the Roman Empire. This era was characterized by a diverse socio-religious landscape and the Roman church’s growth, comprised of both Jewish and Gentile believers. The mention of Quartus among other notable figures suggests his involvement in the burgeoning Christian community in Corinth.
Biblical Narrative Analysis
In the biblical narrative, the mention of Quartus in Romans 16:23 is brief yet significant. His inclusion in Paul’s greetings indicates his active participation in the early church. This reference provides a glimpse into the relational and communal aspects of the early Christian movement, emphasizing the personal connections and shared faith among its members.
Theological Significance
Theologically, Quartus represents the inclusive and universal nature of the Christian message. His mention alongside other non-Jewish names in Romans highlights the early church’s diverse composition, embodying the Christian doctrine of salvation being offered to all, regardless of ethnic or social background.
Practical Implications
Practically, the mention of Quartus underscores the importance of every individual in the church community, regardless of their role or prominence. It exemplifies the value of fellowship and mutual encouragement among believers, an essential aspect of Christian living.
Semantic Range
The semantic range of “Quartus” is limited as it is a proper noun. Its significance lies not in its linguistic versatility but in its historical and cultural specificity.
Symbolic and Allegorical Interpretations
As a specific individual, Quartus does not hold symbolic or allegorical significance in the biblical text. His mention is historical and literal, focusing on his role in the early church rather than serving as a metaphor or symbol.
References
Bruce, F. F., “The Book of the Acts”, Eerdmans Publishing, 1988.
Fitzmyer, J. A., “Romans: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary”, Yale University Press, 1993.
Stott, J. R. W., “The Message of Romans: God’s Good News for the World”, InterVarsity Press, 1994.
Wright, N. T., “Paul for Everyone: Romans Part 2”, Westminster John Knox Press, 2004.